Reflections on the Rhine (Southbound)

Originally a dam in the river Amstel, Amsterdam today is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands, as engineered dams, sea gates, and the 19-mile dyke walling out the Zuider Zee prevent this low-lying country from being reclaimed by the North Sea. Interestingly, the 17th century canals of Amsterdam located in the heart of the city have been added to the UNESCO World Heritage List. The main tourist attractions are undoubtedly the famous Museums such as the Rijksmuseum, the Van Gogh Museum, and the Stedelijk Museum. Read more about Amsterdam, Netherlands

Originally a dam in the river Amstel, Amsterdam today is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands, as engineered dams, sea gates, and the 19-mile dyke walling out the Zuider Zee prevent this low-lying country from being reclaimed by the North Sea. Interestingly, the 17th century canals of Amsterdam located in the heart of the city have been added to the UNESCO World Heritage List. The main tourist attractions are undoubtedly the famous Museums such as the Rijksmuseum, the Van Gogh Museum, and the Stedelijk Museum. Read more about Amsterdam, Netherlands

Nijmegen is is situated on the Waal river, less than 10km from the German border. It is the oldest city in the Netherlands, celebrating its 2,000th year of existence in 2005. Its first mention in history was in the 1st century B.C. Read more about Nijmegen, Netherlands

Cologne, situated on the River Rhine and Germany’s fourth largest city, was recognised by the Romans as a major centre for their trade routes. Subsequently, considerable Roman remains can be found in contemporary Cologne, especially near the wharf area, where a notable discovery of a 1900 year old Roman boat was made in late 2007. Due to WWII air raids, today Cologne is notable for its simple and modest post-war buildings, but fortunately is still home to a few interspersed pre-war buildings that were reconstructed due to their historical importance. Read more about Cologne, Germany

The Rhine Gorge is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Germany, known for its dramatic landscapes, castles, and historic towns along the Rhine River. Read more about Rhine Gorge, Germany

Frankfurt - aka Frankfurt am Main - is the fifth-largest city in Germany, and is at the centre of the larger Frankfurt Rhine Main Region. It has been a dynamic and international financial centre for centuries, and has the most imposing skyline in Germany. This is the image that many visitors associate with the Main metropolis. Read more about Frankfurt, Germany

Speyer (aka Spires), located on the river Rhine, is one of Germany’s oldest cities dating back to pre-Roman times. The city is dominated by the architecturally significant Speyer Cathedral, where beneath the high altar are the tombs of eight Holy Roman emperors and German kings. Today it is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Read more about Speyer, Germany

Strasbourg, France’s great north-eastern metropolis and the intellectual and cultural capital of Alsace, is the ultimate European city. It has flavours of both France and Germany, and sits astride the border of the two countries. Today the residents have mixed feelings about their ‘Frenchness’ or ‘Germanness’, with many agreeing they are not either French or German, but a bit of both. Read more about Strasbourg, France

The German town of Breisach is situated along the Rhine River on the French and German border, about halfway between Freiburg and Colma. During WWII 85% of Breisach was destroyed and the early 13th century cathedral of St Stephansmünster was heavily damaged. Fortunately it is a great place to visit as it has since been restored with many of its remarkable features still intact. Read more about Breisach, Germany

Basel on the river Rhine is Switzerland's third most populous city, and located where the Swiss, French and German borders meet. Indeed, the river cruise ships berth within a stone’s throw of the triple intersection. It has suburbs in France and Germany, and interestingly the language spoken is called Basel German. Read more about Basel, Switzerland